What an IRS Identity PIN is and why you might need one

An IRS Identity PIN is a six-digit number the IRS assigns to you to prevent someone else from filing a tax return in your name. If you have been a victim of identity theft, or if the IRS suspects your account has been compromised, they may require you to use a PIN when you file. The PIN replaces your Social Security number as the identifier on your return.

You do not request a PIN unless the IRS has told you to get one, or unless you have already been the victim of tax-related identity theft. If you receive a letter from the IRS saying you need a PIN, that letter will explain how to obtain it. If you are unsure whether you need one, check your IRS account online through IRS.gov or call the IRS directly.

Key Takeaways

  • The IRS sends you a letter if they have assigned you an Identity PIN; you do not request one on your own unless you have experienced tax identity theft.
  • If you received an IRS letter about a PIN, follow the instructions in that letter exactly, as the process depends on whether the PIN was assigned to you or whether you are requesting one after theft.
  • You can view your assigned PIN by logging into your IRS online account at IRS.gov using your Social Security number, date of birth, and filing status.
  • If you lose or forget your PIN, you can retrieve it through your IRS account or by calling the IRS Identity Theft Hotline at 1-800-908-4490.

When the IRS assigns you a PIN automatically

The IRS assigns a PIN to your account if they detect that your Social Security number has been used to file a fraudulent return or if they flag your account as high-risk for identity theft. When this happens, you will receive a letter in the mail explaining that a PIN has been assigned to you. This letter will contain your PIN or instructions for retrieving it.

You must use this PIN on your next tax return. If you do not use it, the IRS will reject your return. The PIN remains active for multiple years, so you will need to use the same number on future returns until the IRS notifies you that it is no longer required.

How to retrieve a PIN the IRS has already assigned to you

If the IRS has assigned you a PIN and you have lost the letter or forgotten the number, you can retrieve it through your IRS online account. Go to IRS.gov and select "View your tax account." You will need to log in using your Social Security number, date of birth, and filing status. Once logged in, your Identity PIN will be visible on your account dashboard.

If you cannot access your online account or prefer to speak with someone, call the IRS Identity Theft Hotline at 1-800-908-4490. Have your Social Security number, date of birth, and a copy of your most recent tax return ready. The IRS will verify your identity and provide your PIN over the phone.

Requesting a PIN after you have been a victim of identity theft

If someone has filed a tax return using your Social Security number without your permission, you can request that the IRS assign you an Identity PIN to prevent it from happening again. To do this, you must file Form 14039, Identity Theft Affidavit, with the IRS. You can file this form by mail or, in some cases, through your IRS online account.

When you file Form 14039, include documentation of the identity theft if you have it — for example, a police report, a letter from a creditor, or correspondence from the IRS about the fraudulent return. The IRS will review your case and assign you a PIN, which they will send to you by mail. This process typically takes several weeks.

Using your PIN when you file your tax return

When you file your return, you will enter your PIN in the designated field on the form. If you are filing on paper, write the PIN in the space provided on the first page of Form 1040 or whichever form you use. If you are filing electronically through tax software or a tax professional, the software will prompt you to enter your PIN.

Do not include your PIN in any other correspondence with the IRS. The PIN is only for your tax return. If the IRS asks you for your PIN in a phone call, email, or letter you did not expect, do not provide it — the IRS will never ask for your PIN unsolicited.

What happens if you file without your PIN when you are supposed to use one

If the IRS has assigned you a PIN and you file your return without it, the IRS will reject your return. You will receive a notice in the mail explaining that your return was rejected and instructing you to resubmit it with your PIN included. This delays your refund and can create confusion with the IRS about which return is valid.

If you resubmit your return with the correct PIN, the IRS will process the corrected version. Keep copies of both the rejected return and the corrected return for your records in case the IRS contacts you with questions.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I file my return if I have lost my PIN and cannot retrieve it?

No. If the IRS has assigned you a PIN, you must include it on your return or the IRS will reject it. Retrieve your PIN through your IRS online account or by calling the IRS Identity Theft Hotline at 1-800-908-4490. Both methods verify your identity and provide your PIN immediately or within a few business days.

Does everyone need an IRS Identity PIN?

No. Most taxpayers do not have an Identity PIN. You only need one if the IRS has assigned one to you because of suspected identity theft or fraud, or if you have requested one after being a victim of tax identity theft. If you are unsure, check your IRS account online or contact the IRS.

What if someone else is using my Social Security number to file returns?

File Form 14039, Identity Theft Affidavit, with the IRS immediately. Include any documentation you have of the fraud. The IRS will investigate and assign you an Identity PIN to prevent future fraudulent filings. You can also file a report with the Federal Trade Commission at IdentityTheft.gov and consider filing a police report.

How long does the IRS keep my Identity PIN active?

The IRS typically keeps an Identity PIN active for multiple years. You will continue to use the same PIN on your returns until the IRS sends you a letter notifying you that the PIN is no longer required. The length of time depends on the circumstances of your case.